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What is Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC)?

Inverse Gas Chromatography (IGC) is a gas phase technique for characterising surface and bulk properties of solid materials. The principles of IGC are very simple, being the reverse of a conventional gas chromatographic (GC) experiment.

A cylindrical column is uniformly packed with the solid material of interest, typically a powder, fibre or film. A pulse or constant concentration of gas is then injected down the column at a fixed carrier gas flow rate , and the time taken for the pulse or concentration front to elute down the column is measured by a detector. A series of IGC measurements with different gas phase probe molecules then allows access to a wide range of phyisco-chemical properties of the solid sample.

Analytical Gas Chromatography

Inverse Gas Chromatography

 

The injected gas molecules passing over the material adsorb on the surface with a partition coefficient KS:

Ks = VN / Ws

Where VN is the net retention volume – the volume of carrier gas required to elute the injection through the column, and WS is the mass of the sample. VN is a measure of how strongly the probe gas interacts with the solid sample and is the fundamental data obtained from an IGC experiment; from it a wide range of surface and bulk properties can be calculated.

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